(i) Self-assembled Monolayers

(ii) Metal and Semiconductor Nanoparticle

(iii) Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanomaterials and Electrode Materials

(iv) Molecular Electronics

(v) Biological Applications of Nanoparticles

(vi) Biochips and Microchips

(i)    Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

(ii)   CdS, CdSe, and CdTe Nanoparticles.

(i)    Spectral Analysis of Small Molecules in Astronomical Objects

(ii)   Calculation and Fitting of Spectral Lines